Author(s): Manabu Kanda
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Keywords: No Keywords
Abstract: A three dimensional numerical model has been developed for investigating the phenomenon of Heat-Island and Cool-Island and the effect of water- and soil-air coupling on the evaporation and rainfall due to convective clouds. This model consists of three subsystems of atmosphere, surface layer, and soil or water. For the expression of subgrid turbulence process, 'Large Eddy Simulation (LES)’ model is adopted with the addition ofthe time-dependent turbulence energy equation. The temporal change of the spatial temperature distribution in soil or water is determined to satisfy both energy and moisture balances at the interface of soil-air or water- air. Mierophysical processes of the cloud formation and the rain generation are described by the Kessler's parameterization. The results show that the initiation ofconvection is effected strongly by the soil moisture d1stribution at the. ground surface and the water- and soil-air interactions intensify the development of convective clouds. Qualitative agreement with a remote sensing data of Landsat is shown.
Year: 1991