Author(s): Milad Bordbar
Linked Author(s):
Keywords:
Abstract: On May 15,2024, an unprecedented flood struck Mashhad city (Iran) following a 48-minute torrential (about 36 mm) rainfall triggered by the formation of a cumulonimbus cloud and enhanced by an upper-level trough. This study employs a holistic methodology to investigate the natural and anthropogenic factors contributing to this disaster, using the two-dimensional (2D) Hec-Ras mod ule for hydraulic simulation. Results underscore the dual influence of intense rainfall and urban encroachments on flood risk. Neglect of urban geomorphology, including the destruction of natural drainage systems and the creation of barriers to water movement, further exacerbated the crisis. Implemented hydraulic and superstructure installations, including culverts, artificial waterways, levees and vegetation, were assessed for their roles in mitigating water flow and reducing flood risks. Despite their partial effectiveness, these structures have faced operational challenges due to improper design, inadequate maintenance, and insufficient integration with natural geomorpholog19 ical features, which limited their capacity to control the intense water surges. This study not only identifies the primary drivers of any flood but also provides theoretical recommendations, high21 lights the effectiveness and limitations of implemented hydraulic installations, and underscores operational challenges. These findings are critical for urban planners and policymakers to develop effective flood management strategies and enhance urban resilience against extreme hydrological events.
Year: 2025